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Preparing Substrates for Tiling The following information has been put together to assist you in preparation of the substrate (surface on which tiles are being fixed). For choice of adhesive, grout or levelling compound refer to “Product Selector guide” guide or product information that you will find within this site. If you have any questions regarding your choice of product please callour 24hr Helpline 01257 269243, we will be happy to assist you. CONCRETE / SCREED
Ensure new concrete is confirmed dry via consistent moisture readings across the whole surface. Sand/Cement screeds must have a moisture reading of less than 75% RH before work can commence. If it is a new screed, allow 1 day per mm for drying. Remove any laitance from the surface mechanically and remove all dust ideally by vacuum.
Prime the surface with Primeplus diluted 3 parts water to 1 part Primeplus. Very porous substrates will require more than one coat.
NB - Our “Ultimate” product is for use on green screeds, refer to Ultimate technical data.
ASPHALT / BITUMEN
Make sure surface is free of loose dirt and dust. Prime the surface with Primeplus diluted 1 part water to 1 part Primeplus mixed with a little neat cement, sand or adhesive to form a brush on slurry. Setting time of the adhesive will increase.
CERAMIC TILES
Remove loose dirt and dust. Prime the surface with Primeplus diluted 1 part water to 1 part Primeplus mixed with a little neat cement, sand or adhesive to form a brush on slurry. The set time of the adhesive will increase.
PLASTER / PLASTERBOARD
New plaster must be allowed to dry for a minimum of 4 weeks. Make sure the surface is free of loose dirt or dust. Prime the surface with Primeplus diluted 3 parts water to 1 part Primeplus, followed by a second neat coat. We recommend using a standard setting adhesive as it will allow more workable time. If your choice of colour for grout is a light colour, use a white coloured adhesive as this will eliminate adhesive shadowing through the grout. If tiling onto plasterboard it is essential that the board is screwed very firmly. If the board is fixed to a timber frame you must allow for slight movement using an adhesive that is formulated for use on a surface of limited movement or vibration.
CHIPBOARD
Chipboard must be a minimum of 18mm and must be screwed (not nailed) every 6 inches/150mm centres to the substrate. Ensure there is sufficient ventilation beneath the substrate and that the chipboard has been fitted competently and will take the weight of the leveller, adhesive and final covering being applied. Make sure surface is free of loose dirt or dust. Exposed edges and joints must be sealed by applying neat Primeplus. Prime the remainder of the surface with Primeplus diluted 2 parts water to 1 part Primeplus and allow to dry. The set time of the adhesive will increase.
UNDERFLOOR HEATING
When tiling onto existing underfloor heating you must switch the heating off 1 week prior to tiling to allow the substrate to cool sufficiently. When tiling has been completed allow 1 week for full cure of adhesive before switching heating on. Start with a low temperature, gradually increasing temperature over 2 weeks.
When tiling on to a new electric element underfloor heating system, Tilemaster Adhesives recommend that you use “Levelflex” over the top of the element to give a solid expandable and perfect surface on which to apply tiles. Again, allow one week for full cure before switching the heating on, start with a low temperature, increasing daily over 2 weeks.
PLYWOOD
Plywood must be 12mm (minimum), exterior grade, screwed (not nailed) to the substrate at 6 inch/150mm centres. Ensure there is sufficient ventilation beneath the substrate and that the substrate is strong enough to support the weight of the leveller, adhesive and the final covering being applied. Make sure surface is free of loose dirt and dust. Prime the surface with Primeplus diluted 3 parts water to 1 part Primeplus. The set time of the adhesive will increase.
T/G BOARDING and FLOORBOARDS
Existing tongue and groove boards should be screwed down to the joists every 6 inches/150mm to provide a rigid, flat and adequately braced surface. Ensure there is sufficient ventilation beneath the substrate and that the substrate is strong enough to support the weight of the leveller, adhesive and the final covering being applied. Make sure surface is free of loose dirt or dust. Prime the whole surface with neat Primeplus.
BRICK / BLOCK
Ensure surface is free of loose dirt and dust. Prime the surface with Primeplus diluted 3 parts water to 1 part Primeplus. The set time of the adhesive will increase.
ANHYDRITE / GYPSUM SCREED
Ensure the Anhydrite/Gypsum screed is confirmed dry via consistent moisture readings across the whole surface. Anhydrite screeds must have a moisture reading of less than 75% RH before work can commence. If it is a new screed, allow 1 day per mm for drying. Remove any laitance from the surface mechanically and remove all dust ideally by vacuum.
Anhydrite/Gypsum screeds must be sealed prior to tiling by applying one coat of Flexmaster diluted three parts water to one part Flexmaster and allow to dry, followed by a second neat coat of Flexmaster.
The set time of tile adhesives may increase.
VINYL TILES / SHEET VINYL
Ensure the existing vinyl tiles/sheet is firm, stable and well adhered to the substrate to which the vinyl was originally applied to. Make sure surface is free of loose dirt and dust. Prime the surface with Primeplus diluted 1 part water to 1 part Primeplus mixed with a little neat cement, sand or adhesive to form a brush on slurry. Setting time of the adhesive will increase.
METAL
Score the surface to provide a key. Remove grease, loose paint dirt and dust. Prime the surface with Primeplus diluted 1 part water to 1 part Primeplus. Set time of adhesive will increase by 100%.
POWER FLOATED CONCRETE
Ensure the surface has been allowed 7 days to cure. Power floated concrete can leave a loose top layer and/or laitance once it has cured. Remove the loose top layer and any laitance from the surface mechanically or by acid etching and remove all dust and particles ideally by vacuum. Once all laitance has been removed, prime the surface with Primeplus diluted 3 parts water to 1 part Primeplus.
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